Who are the monastics, and who are the lay people?
The Buddhist community — the Sangha — has two complementary parts: those who have left ordinary life to become monastics, and those who practise while living in the world as lay people. Together, they have kept the Dhamma alive for over 2,600 years.
The monastics — monks and nuns
Monastics are men and women who have received ordination and committed themselves fully to the practice and study of the Dhamma. You will recognise our monks by their saffron robes and shaved heads.
Monks follow the Vinaya — a detailed code of discipline that covers everything from eating and sleeping to how they speak and move. This structure is not restrictive for its own sake; it is carefully designed to support the conditions for deep meditation and the complete release from mental suffering.
Monastics do not handle money, do not eat after noon, and do not engage in worldly entertainments. Their sole work is to live the Dhamma fully and to share the teaching with those who come seeking guidance.
How to greet the monks
As part of their training, monks do not shake hands or embrace. A warm way to greet them is to place your palms together at your chest and offer a slight bow — a gesture called añjali — or simply offer a smile. They are approachable, warm, and happy to answer questions after any session.
The lay people
Lay practitioners are ordinary members of the community — working, raising families, and navigating everyday life — who choose to live according to the Buddha’s teachings as best they can. They observe the five precepts (to refrain from harming, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and intoxication), practise meditation, and support the monastic community through generosity.
Some lay people are lifelong Buddhists; others are newcomers. Many are not Buddhist at all — they simply come to meditate, to learn, or to find a moment of stillness.
The relationship between them
Monastics and lay people are mutually dependent. The monks offer teachings, guidance, and the example of a life dedicated to the Dhamma. The lay community offers material support — meals, accommodation, and the resources needed to keep the monastery running. This ancient relationship of mutual generosity is one of the most beautiful aspects of the Theravāda tradition.